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[[File:Haffey spoons.jpeg|350px|thumbnail|right|<center>Santa Catalina Island souvenir spoons <br>[originals in SCIF archives<br> Haffey Family Collection] </center>]]
[[File:Anatomy of spoon.png|350px|thumbnail|right|<center></center>]]

'''CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS''' are a world unto themselves. Expert on the subject, Dr. Harry V. Merrick, gives the following overview:
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“Catalina souvenir spoons come in a bewildering variety of sizes, shapes, materials and decorations.  Visitors have been taking souvenir spoons home from their Catalina excursions for more than 120 years.   During this time tens of thousands, if not hundreds of thousands of spoons, must have been produced by various U.S. manufacturers, and especially more recently, by manufacturers from abroad.  The earliest souvenir spoons were very likely fancy but regular sterling teaspoons and coffee (demitasse) spoons whose bowls were simply engraved with inscriptions like “Catalina Island Cal.” by entrepreneurial local Catalina jewelers and merchants.  Likely, shortly thereafter, those same folks also began to produce scenes of Avalon Bay engraved on the spoon bowls.  These dealers were simply taking full advantage of the emerging craze for souvenir spoons, which swept the United States beginning in the early 1890s.”    
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“As Catalina tourism rapidly developed in the first decade of the 20th century, and as the demand for souvenir spoons increased, the curio dealers in Avalon turned to a number of major American manufacturers to mass produce souvenir spoons to supply their needs.  These included major silversmiths, including Gorham Mfg. Co, the Watson Co., Shepard Mfg. Co., C.M. Robbins Co. and the Paye & Baker firm, as well as a number of lesser well known manufacturers.  Beginning about 1903 these manufacturers were responsible for producing the majority of souvenir spoons, both teaspoon and coffee (demitasse) sized, until the early 1920s.  From the mid 1920s, through the 1950s the Watson and C.M. Robbins firms largely dominated the production of sterling souvenir spoons, but changing souvenir spoon fashions were in the wind.  Smaller demitasse size spoons in sterling, silver plate, nickel silver and even copper became increasingly popular.  Both U.S. and foreign manufacturers, including Agiftcorp (U.S.A.) and Kepla Arts (Czechoslovakia) began to produce a wide variety of these smaller spoons, often decorated with enamel scenes of Avalon Bay or the iconic Casino.”
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With more than five dozen named spoon types, souvenir spoons from Santa Catalina Island are known in the following: 
* <span style="color:#800080">'''teaspoons'''</span> (approximately 5-½ to 6"; the most common Santa Catalina Island souvenir spoons); 
* <span style="color:#800080">'''5 o'clock spoons or small teaspoons'''</span> (approximately 4-¾" to 5-¼; a specialized spoon found in older sets of silver made for an era when afternoon tea was taken at five o'clock. Although the five o'clock teaspoon is shorter than a teaspoon, it is larger than a coffee spoon);
* <span style="color:#800080">'''coffee spoons'''</span> (approximately 4"-4-½", smaller version of the teaspoon, intended for use with the small type of coffee cup, and often called a demitasse spoon); 
* <span style="color:#800080">'''salt spoons'''</span> (approximately 2-½"-3-¼", miniature spoons meant to be used with salt cellars, which are small bowls that hold salt (sometimes called a salt pig). They've been replaced over time by salt shakers;  
* <span style="color:#800080">'''orange spoons '''</span>(a teaspoon that tapers to a sharp point or teeth used for citrus and melons); 
* <span style="color:#800080">'''sugar spoons '''</span>(sugar shell, with a bowl in the shape of a sea shell. They're about the volume of a teaspoon but with a deeper bowl, meant for serving granulated sugar);
*<span style="color:#800080">'''soup spoons '''</span>(generally with a relatively shallow rounded bowl, larger than a teaspoon, meant for eating thin soups.)
*<span style="color:#800080">'''ladles '''</span>(made in various sizes, Santa Catalina Island souvenir ladles would be classified as smaller cream ladles, about 5" in length, as opposed to 6-7" gravy ladles.)


:::::::'''Spoon bowls may be etched, engraved, embossed, [[painted]] or enameled.''' 

<center><gallery widths=150px heights=100px  perrow=3 caption=>

Image:Etched.png|<center>[[etched]] </center>
Image:Engraved.png|<center>engraved</center>
Image:Embossed.png|<center> embossed</center>
Image:Painted.png|<center>[[painted]]</center>
Image:Enameled.png|<center>[[enameled]]</center>

</gallery>
</center>

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* 1991.  Zinn, Diane.  ''[[Media: Silver Magazine Sept-Oct 1991 Catalina Spoons.pdf|Souvenir Spoons Santa Catalina Island]]''  24(5):34-35, September-October 1991
:: [original in SCIF archives]



'''Teaspoon Research by Harry V. Merrick.'''

“I have identified at least 13 different manufacturers who produced teaspoons with Catalina elements specifically designed into their spoons, (as opposed to having Catalina elements subsequently added to the spoon by engraving).    My running count is that those 13 manufacturers produced over 100 different patterns with Catalina elements, even if some are only associated with Catalina via the embossed bowl scene of Avalon Bay on an otherwise common pattern, or other topically themed spoon.  Most recently I have also been interested in the variety of engraved Catalina scenes found on teaspoon bowls and have been working on recognizing individual engravers and the dating of their products.

Evidence for the dating of the embossed bowl designs comes from the image recorded on the bowl itself and from the other attractions featured on the spoon, as well as from occasional monogram dates.   To my experience the first embossed Avalon bowls must have appeared in the first couple of years of the 1900s.  The earliest I have encountered, thus far, is Paye and Baker Type 1, which must have appeared sometime before mid-1903.  Most of the embossed designs of the other manufacturers typically occur on spoons whose depicted attractions suggest design dates of 1904 or later.”

 
* '''[[Survey of Catalina souvenir spoons by Harry V. Merrick]]'''

* '''[[Media:Notes on embossed bowls 4-15-22 w demi revision.pdf|Notes on embossed (die-struck) bowl designs by manufacturers (4/15/22)]] by Harry V. Merrick'''

* '''[[Media:Engraved Avalon scene bowls - rev 8-12-22.pdf|Notes on engraved Avalon scene bowls]] by Harry Merrick'''


* '''[https://www.islapedia.com/index.php?title=SOUVENIR_SPOON_REFERENCE_BOOKS SOUVENIR SPOONS REFERENCE BOOKS]

* '''[[SOUVENIR SPOONS ENGRAVED OR EMBOSSED WITH SUGAR LOAF]]


*  [[CATALINA SOUVENIR FORKS]]


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'''MANUFACTURERS WHO PRODUCED TEASPOONS WITH CATALINA ELEMENTS DESIGNED INTO THEIR SPOONS: 


* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS: L. D. ANDERSON, READING, PA ]]
::: Manufacturer's embossed Catalina handle/stem elements 

::: Engraved plain bowl, caption: “CATALINA ISLAND CAL” 

::: Engraved Avalon Bay bowl scene
::: “BAY CATALINA IS”
:::  “CATALINA IS. BAY”

* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS: BATES & KLINKE, ATTLEBORO, MA ]]
::: Manufacturer's embossed Catalina handle/stem elements 

* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS: BELL TRADING POST, ALUBQUERQUE, NM ]]
::: Manufacturer's embossed Catalina handle/stem elements 

* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS: E. L. DEACON JEWELRY CO., DENVER, CO ]]
::: Manufacturer's embossed bowl with caption: “AVALON, SANTA CATALINA ISL CAL”

::: Engraved Avalon Bay bowl scene

* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS: FESSENDEN & CO., PROVIDENCE, RI]]
::: Manufacturer's embossed bowl with caption: “CATALINA ISLAND. CAL.”

::: Engraved Avalon Bay bowl scene

* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS: GORHAM MFG. CO, PROVIDENCE, RI ]]
::: Manufacturer's line photo etched bowl with caption: “THE SUGAR LOAF AVALON SANTA CATALINA ISL.”
::: Manufacturer's line photo etched bowl with caption: “SANTA CATALINA ISL. AVALON”
::: Manufacturer's line photo etched bowl with caption: “FARNSWORTH LOOP ON STAGE ROAD CATALINA ISL., CAL.”
::: Manufacturer's line photo etched bowl with caption: “SEAL ROCK SANTA CATALINA ISL.” 
::: Manufacturer's line photo etched bowl with caption: “FLYING FISH”  

::: Engraved Avalon Bay bowl scene

::: Engraved plain (gold-washed) bowl, caption: ''Catalina Island Cal'' ("Versailles" pattern pat. 1885)

* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS:  JOSEPH MAYER & BROTHERS, SEATTLE, WA]]
::: Manufacturer's embossed Catalina handle/stem elements
::: Manufacturer's embossed bowl with caption: “AVALON BAY  CATALINA ISLAND”

::: Engraved Avalon Bay bowl scene

* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS:  PAYE & BAKER]]
::: Manufacturer's embossed bowl with caption: “CATALINA ISLAND. CAL.”   

::: Engraved Avalon Bay bowl scene

* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS:  CHARLES M. ROBBINS CO., ATTLEBORO, MA]]
:::   Manufacturer's Catalina handle/stem elements 

* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS:  SHEPARD|CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS:  SHEPARD MFG. CO., MELROSE, MA]]
:::   Manufacturer's embossed bowl with caption: “AVALON, SANTA CATALINA ISLAND.” [Shepard Bowls Type 1 and 2]
::: Engraved Avalon Bay bowl scene

* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS: H. H. TAMMEN CURIO CO., DENVER, CO ]]
:::  Manufacturer's embossed bowl with caption: “AVALON BAY, CATALINA ISLAND CAL.”

* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS: R. WALLACE AND SONS MFG., WALLINGFORD, CT ]]

::: Manufacturer's Catalina handle/stem elements 

::: Engraved Avalon Bay bowl scene

::: Engraved plain bowl, caption: ''CATALINA ISL. CAL.'' 

* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS:  WATSON CO., ATTLEBORO, MA]]
:::   Manufacturer's Catalina handle/stem elements: “CATALINA ISLAND”
:::   Manufacturer's embossed bowl with caption: “AVALON, CATALINA ISLAND.” [Watson Bowl Type 1]
:::   Manufacturer's embossed bowl with caption: “AVALON CATALINA ISLAND”  [Watson Bowl Type 2]

::: Engraved Avalon Bay bowl scene: “CATALINA ISL CAL.”
::: Engraved Avalon Bay bowl scene: “CATALINA ISL. CAL.”
::: Engraved Sugar Loaf scene: “SUGAR LOAF CATALINA ISL.”

::: Engraved plain bowl, caption: “''Catalina Island Cal''” ("Draped Girl" pattern pat. 1895)



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'''MANUFACTURERS WHO PRODUCED TEASPOONS WITHOUT CATALINA ELEMENTS DESIGNED INTO THEIR SPOONS: 
Their Catalina Island souvenir spoon associations are only through engraved bowl scenes and/or inscriptions: 


* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS: BAKER MANCHESTER ]] (no manufactured island elements)
::: Script-engraved Catalina Island bowl 

* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS: CODDING BROS. and HEILBORN ]] (no manufactured island elements)
::: Script-engraved Catalina Island bowl 

* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS: INTERNATIONAL SILVER CO. ]] (no manufactured island elements)
::: Script-engraved Catalina Island bowl  

* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS: STERLING SILVER MFG. CO. ]] (no manufactured island elements)
::: Script-engraved Catalina Island bowl 

* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS:  WHITING]] (no manufactured island elements)
::: Engraved Avalon Bay bowl scene: “AVALON SANTA CATALINA”


:  HOWARD STERLING CO.   

: WILCOX & EVERTSEN


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* [[CATALINA SOUVENIR SPOONS:  EARLY CUSTOM NOVELTY SEASHELL SPOONS]]